Staghorn Fern

• Botanical Name: Platycerium bifurcatum

• Common Name(s): Staghorn fern, Elkhorn fern
  

• Description: Native to Java and southeastern Australia, the Birds Nest 'Staghorn' fern has a fuzzy texture to the leaves that can get very large if taken care of. The name bifurcatum means forked, referring to the leaves that split and resemble stag or elk horns. It can grow up to 31-35 in tall and wide, and care is easy as long as they're provided with low to medium light and moderate moisture like most ferns.

Care Guide

1. Light: Staghorn ferns prefer bright, indirect light. They should be placed near a window with filtered sunlight or in a location with dappled shade outdoors. Avoid exposing them to direct sunlight, as it can scorch their delicate fronds.

2. Temperature: These ferns enjoy temperatures between 60°F to 80°F (15°C to 27°C). They are sensitive to extreme cold and should be protected from freezing temperatures.

3. Humidity: Staghorn ferns thrive in high-humidity environments. If you live in a dry climate, consider using a humidifier or placing a tray of water near the plant to increase the humidity around it. Regular misting can also be beneficial.

4. Watering: Watering staghorn ferns can be a bit tricky. They prefer to stay consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water the plant thoroughly, allowing the water to soak through the roots and substrate, but make sure to let excess water drain away. As an epiphytic plant, they can tolerate some dryness between waterings but try to avoid letting them completely dry out.

5. Mounting and Potting: Staghorn ferns are often mounted on a wooden board, piece of bark, or in a hanging basket, as this replicates their natural growth habit. Use a well-draining substrate like orchid bark, sphagnum moss, or a mix of these to secure the plant on the mount. You can also use a well-draining potting mix if you decide to plant it in a pot.

6. Fertilization: Feed your staghorn fern with a balanced liquid fertilizer once a month during the growing season (spring and summer). Dilute the fertilizer to half the recommended strength to prevent over-fertilization, which can harm the plant.

7. Pruning and Cleaning: Remove dead or yellowing fronds regularly to keep the plant looking tidy. Gently clean the fronds with a soft brush or a damp cloth to remove dust and keep them healthy.

8. Repotting: Staghorn ferns are not typically repotted very often. However, if you notice that the plant has outgrown its mount or pot, you can carefully transfer it to a larger one during the growing season.

9. Pests and Diseases: Staghorn ferns are relatively pest-free, but they can sometimes be affected by scale insects or mealybugs. Keep an eye out for any signs of pests and treat them promptly with natural or chemical remedies.